Method
We introduce a 3D synthesis method for architectural design to allow for the efficient generation of diverse and realistic building designs. In spite of advances in 3D synthesis, current off-the-shelf 3D synthesis techniques are inappropriate for architectural design: they are trained primarily on isolated objects, have limited diversity, blend building facades with background and produce overly complex geometry that is difficult to edit or manipulate, a major issue in an iterative design process. We propose an alternative pipeline that integrates auto-generated coarse models with segment-wise texture inpainting and semantics-based editing, resulting in diverse, style-consistent, and shape-precise designs. We show through qualitative and quantitative experiments that our pipeline generates more diverse, visually appealing architectures with clean geometries without the need for any extensive training.
"A stand-alone house, crafted with high-tech architecture and composite materials, features openings. It is depicted in a photorealistic style from a side view at a street corner, bathed in the glow of the northern light."
"A house showcasing vintage aesthetics is captured in a lifelike, two-point perspective with dynamic glass and moody lighting, nestled within a wetland setting."
"A stand-alone building, crafted with organic architecture and ceramic detailing, features large windows. It is depicted in a photorealistic style from a two-point perspective, nestled in an autumn setting and bathed in direct sunlight."
"A futuristic building with a prominent large glass window, set in a desert landscape surrounded by a variety of cacti and desert flora, bathed in sunset."
"A minimalist modern house with large glass windows and a concrete structure, elevated on stilts in a snowy forest. Bare trees covered in light snow create a serene winter scene."
Auto-generated CSG
3D Synthesis
Geometry Output
CSG Input
3D Synthesis
Geometry Output
CSG Input
3D Synthesis
Geometry Output
"A stand-alone house, crafted with high-tech architecture and composite materials, features openings. It is depicted in a photorealistic style from a side view at a street corner, bathed in the glow of the northern light."
@InProceedings{Tsai_2025_WACV,
author = {Tsai, I-Ting and Hariharan, Bharath},
title = {{3D} Synthesis for Architectural Design},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV)},
month = {February},
year = {2025},
pages = {4799-4809}
}